KNOW WHAT ARE THE CERVICAL VERTEBRAE


In their book, Cunningham's Manual Of Practical Anatomy, G. J. Romanes claims that


Dissection of the head and neck should begin with a study of the cervical vertebrae and skull, linking their principal characteristics to the bony points that may be felt.


A thorough grasp of these buildings, as well as others that travel through or are connected to them, is required for a thorough comprehension of this area.


The short reports that follow should be evaluated in conjunction with the vertebrae and a skull from which the skull-cap has been removed. In order for the different points to be verified.


The Vertebrae of the Cervical Spine


Cervical vertebrae are seven in number. The third to sixth are conventional, but the first and second have been changed to allow movement of the heart on the neck, and the seventh has some thoracic vertebral characteristics. Each transverse process has a foramen (foramen transversarium).


Cervical vertebrae are smaller and more fragile than thoracic and lumbar counterparts, carrying less weight, but they contain a bigger vertebral foramen to support cervical enlargement of the spinal medulla.


Cervical vertebrae are the most common kind of vertebrae.


* Body-The body is oval in plan, having a transverse long axis. The superior surface is concave from side to side, with lateral borders that protrude upwards to interact with the body's cut-away inferolateral borders above.


* Pedicles-These are short and pass from the centre of the posterolateral sections of the body outwards and rearward to create the posteromedial wall of the foramen transversarium.


* Laminae-These are lengthy, rectangular structures that virtually overlap their neighbours in length.


* Spines-These are bifid and short.


* Articular Facets-These are the obliquely cut ends of a short bone rod, the articular process, which is located at the intersection of the pedicle and lamina on either side. The superior facets are oriented upwards and backwards, whereas the inferior facets are oriented downwards and forwards.


* Vertebral Foramen—This is a big, triangular opening in the spine.


* Transverse Processes-Each is brief and punctured by the transversarium foramen. The costal process (equivalent to a rib) extends laterally from the body anterior to the foramen and terminates at the anterior tubercle (attachment of scalenus anterior and longus capitis) The genuine transverse process extends laterally beyond the foramen from the junction of the pedicle and lamina to the posterior tubercle (attachment of scalenus medius, levator scapulae, etc.). The bone slip that connects the tubercles and closes the foramen transversarium is concave superiorly to accommodate the ventral ramus of the corresponding spinal nerve.


* Foramen Transversarium-It is located anterior to the ventral ramus of the spinal nerve and transmits the vertebral artery, veins, and sympathetic plexus.


References:

1. CUNNINGHAM'S MANUAL OF PRACTICAL ANATOMY by G. J. Romanes


2. jesse orrico on Unsplash


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