KNOW WHAT IS THE ATYPICAL CERVICAL VERTEBRAE



In their book, Cunningham's Manual Of Practical Anatomy, G. J. Romanes, 1986, describes that,

C.1 has no body and is made up of two lateral masses connected by an anterior and a posterior arch.

The dens, a tooth-like protrusion from the superior surface of C's body, represents the body.

The posterior arch's laminae and pedicles are grooved on its superior side, behind the lateral mass, by the vertebral artery and the first cervical ventral ramus.

The posterior tubercle takes the place of the spine. The superior and inferior facets are located on the lateral masses, respectively, anterior to the first and second cervical nerves.

The superior is concave and kidney-shaped, whereas the inferior is almost round, slightly concave, and faces down and medially.

Each lateral mass has an inward projection that connects to the transverse ligament, which separates the vertebral foramen into a tiny anterior compartment for the dens and a larger, oval posterior compartment for the spinal medulla and its coverings.

The atlas' transverse process is large and thick, with no anterior tubercle. Its transversarium foramen is lateral to those below.

C.2 - (the axis) The dens are the most noticeable characteristic. The transverse ligament, which grooves the posterior surface of the dens, articulates with and holds this against the anterior arch of C. 1.

The superior articular facet, which also sits partially on the body (lateral to the dens) and at the base of the costal process, covers the thick pedicle on either side. This aspect of C. 1 is appropriate. The axis's inferior facet is usual.

The laminae are significantly thickened for muscle attachments and support a huge spine.

There is no anterior tubercle on the transverse process. The foramen transversarium bends laterally 90 degrees underneath the superior articular facet, allowing its egress to be seen from the lateral side.

C. 7 The spine is long and non-bifid, the transverse process lacks an anterior tubercle, and the transversarium foramen transmits only veins.

cervical vertebrae palpable portions

The spine of C. 2 lies approximately 5 cm below the external occipital protuberance at the nape of the neck.

C. 7 (vertebra prominens) spine, where the collar band crosses the posterior median line of the neck.

The transverse process of C. 1 that runs through the anterior border of the sternocleidomastoid, just below the tip of the mastoid process.

References:


1. Photo by Anthony Shkraba from Pexels


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